Insect Vectors of Plant Pathogens

Description

Our main goal is to provide new fundamental knowledge on the transmission mechanisms of plant pathogens by their insect vectors and to develop sustainable management practices to optimise vector control and to interfere with the plant pathogens they transmit.

Research lines

  • Pathogen-vector-plant interactions: Study on the transmission mechanisms of plant pathogens by their insect vectors and strategies to interfere with the process.
  • Behavior and development of insect vectors and their natural enemies on plants infected by plant pathognns and their epidemiological implications.
  • Integrated pest management of insect vectors and the pathogens they transmit: cultural, chemical, biological and host plant resistance-based strategies.
  • Development of new methods based on habitat manipulation to provide ecological services, such as the use of cover crops to interfere with insect vectors and enhance biological control.
  • Response of insect vectors and the agents they transmit to environmental variations resulting from climate change.
  • Biotechnology and molecular biology of plant viruses: Development of biotechnological tools to study the transmission mechanisms of phytopathogenic viruses, as well as their infection cycle and interactions with their insect vectors.
  • Study of multitrophic interactions among insects, plants, pathogens, and soil microorganisms and their application in the microbiological control of insect vectors and the pathogens they transmit.

Recent Highlights

  •     Publications


    2020

    Amoros-Jiménez, R., Plaza, M., Montserrat, M., Marcos-García, M.A. and A. Fereres. 2020. Effect of UV-Absorbing Nets on the Performance of the Aphid Predator Sphaerophoria Rueppellii (Diptera: Syrphidae). Insects 11, 166; https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11030166

    Azpiazu, C., Medina, P., Adan, A., Sánchez-Ramos, I, Del Estal, P., Fereres, A. and Elisa Viñuela. 2020. The role of annual flowering plant strips on a melon crop in Central Spain. Influence on pollinators and crop. Insects 2020, 11, 66; https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11010066

    Benhadi-Marín, J.; Fereres, A.; Pereira, J.A. A 2020. Model to Predict the Expansion of Trioza erytreae throughout the Iberian Peninsula Using a Pest Risk Analysis Approach. Insects 2020, 11, 576.

    Carmo-Sousa, M.; García, R.B.; Wullf, N.A.; Fereres, A.; Pedreira Miranda, M. 2020. Drench application of systemic insecticides disrupts probing behaviour of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) and inoculation of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus. Insects 11, 314; https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11050314.

    Cornara, D., Marra, M, Morente, M., Garzo, E., Moreno, A., Saponari, M., Fereres A. 2020. Feeding behavior in relation to spittlebug transmission of Xylella fastidiosa. Journal of Pest Science 93: 1197–1213. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-020-01236-4

    Cornara, D., Marra, M., Tedone, B., Cavalieri, V., Porcelli, F., Fereres, A., Purcell, A. & Saponari, M. 2020. No evidence for cicadas’ implication in Xylella fastidiosa epidemiology. Entomologia Generalis, 40 Issue 2, 125–132; https://doi.org/10.1127/entomologia/2019/0912

    De Paulo, P. D., Pereira, E. J. G., Oliveira, E. E., Fereres, A., & Garzo, E. 2020. Indirect effect of elevated CO2 concentration on Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 feeding on Bt soybean plants. Journal of Applied Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.12822

    Garzo, E., Rizzo, E., Fereres, A., Gomez, S.K. 2020. High levels of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus colonization on Medicago truncatula reduces plant suitability as a host for pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum). Insect Science 27 (1): 99-112; https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.12631.

    Garzo, E.; Moreno, A.; Plaza, M.; Fereres, A. 2020. Feeding behavior and virus-transmission ability of insect vectors exposed to systemic insecticides. Plants, 9, 895. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9070895

    Jeger, M., Fereres, A., Mauck, K., B. Wintermantel. 2020. Reducing the spread of plant viruses through communication and global cooperation. Virus Research 288: 198139 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198139.

    Jiménez, J., Arias-Martín, M., Moreno, A., Garzo, E., & Fereres, A. 2020. Barley yellow dwarf virus can be inoculated during brief intracellular punctures in phloem cells before the sieve element continuous salivation phase. Phytopathology 110(1): 85-93.

    Jiménez, J., Garzo, E., Alba-Tercedor, J., Moreno, A., Fereres, A., & Walker, G. P. 2020. The phloem-pd: a distinctive brief sieve element stylet puncture prior to sieve element phase of aphid feeding behavior. Arthropod-Plant Interactions, 14(1): 67-78.

    Mokrane, Selma, Giuseppe Cavallo, Francesco Tortorici, Elena Romero, Alberto Fereres, Khaled Djelouah, Vincenzo Verrastro, y Daniele Cornara. 2020. Behavioral effects induced by organic insecticides can be exploited for a sustainable control of the Orange Spiny Whitefly Aleurocanthus spiniferus. Scientific Reports 10, n.o 1: 15746. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-72972-x.

    Moreno-Delafuente A., Garzo E, Fereres A, Viñuela E. and Medina P. 2020. Effects of a Salicylic Acid Analog on Aphis gossypii and Its Predator Chrysoperla carnea on Melon Plants. Agronomy 2020, 10(11), 1830; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111830

    Moreno-Delafuente, A.; Viñuela, E.; Fereres, A.; Medina, P.; Trębicki, P. 2020. Simultaneous increase in CO2 and temperature alters wheat growth and aphid performance differently depending on virus infection. Insects, 11, 459. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11080459

    Quintana-González de Chaves, M.; Teresani, G.R.; Hernández-Suárez, E.; Bertolini, E.; Moreno, A.; Fereres, A.; Cambra, M.; Siverio, F. 2020. ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ is unlikely to be transmitted spontaneously from infected carrot plants to citrus plants by Trioza erytreae. Insects 11(8), 514; https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11080514

    Sadras VO, Fereres E, Borrás L, Garzo E, Moreno A, Araus JL & Fereres A. 2020. Aphid Resistance: An Overlooked Ecological Dimension of Nonstructural Carbohydrates in Cereals. Frontiers in Plant Science 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00937.

    Vázquez C, Carmo-Sousa M, Lopes JRS, Fereres A & Moreno A. 2020. Aphids Are Unable to Ingest Phloem Sap from the Peduncles of Lime Fruits. Plants 9(11):1-12. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9111528

    Villa, M.; Rodrigues, I.; Baptista, P.; Fereres, A.; Pereira, J.A. 2020. Populations and Host/Non-Host Plants of Spittlebugs Nymphs in Olive Orchards from Northeastern Portugal. Insects 11, 720: 1-19. https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/11/10/720


    2021

    Benhadi-Marín J, Garzo E, Moreno A, Pereira JA, Fereres A. 2021. Host plant preference of Trioza erytreae on lemon and bitter orange plants. Arthropod-Plant Interactions. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11829-021-09862-0

    Benhadi-Marín, J.; Oliveira, D.F.; Fereres, A.; Pereira, J.A. 2021. Observations on the Potential of Spiders as Natural Enemies of Trioza erytreae (del Guercio, 1918; Hemiptera: Triozidae) in the Citrus Agroecosystem in Portugal. Biology and Life Sciences Forum 2021, 4, https://doi.org/10.3390/IECPS2020-08877

    Cornara, D., Morente, M., Lago, C, Markheiser, Garzo, E., Moreno, A., Fereres. A. 2021. Probing behavior of Neophilaenus campestris on various plant species. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata https://doi.org/10.1111/eea.13109.

    Benhadi-Marín, J. Luís F. Pereira, Isabel Rodrigues, Alberto Fereres, José Alberto Pereira. 2021. Sampling and distribution pattern of Trioza erytreae DelGuercio, 1918 (Hemiptera: Triozidae) in citrus orchard. Journal of Applied Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.1287

    Jiménez J, Moreno A, Fereres A. 2021. Semipersistently transmitted, phloem limited plant viruses are inoculated during the first subphase of intracellular stylet penetrations in phloem cells. Viruses 19;13(1):137. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13010137.

    Lago, C, Morente, M., De las Heras, D., Marti-Campoy, A., Rodriguez-Ballester, F., Plaza, M., Moreno, A., Fereres, A. 2021. Dispersal of Neophilaenus campestris, a vector of Xylella fastidiosa, from olive groves to over‐summering hosts. Journal of Applied Entomology 2021; 00: 1– 12. https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.12888

    Lago, C., Garzo, E., Moreno, A., Barrios, L., Martí-Campoy, A., Rodríguez-Ballester, F., & Fereres, A. 2021. Flight performance and the factors affecting the flight behaviour of Philaenus spumarius the main vector of Xylella fastidiosa in Europe. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96904-5

    Chinchilla-Ramírez, M. Elisa Garzo, Alberto Fereres, Jorge Gavara-Vidal, Cindy J.M ten Broeke, Joop J.A. van Loon, Alberto Urbaneja, Meritxell Pérez-Hedo. 2021. Plant feeding by Nesidiocoris tenuis: Quantifying its behavioral and mechanical components, Biological Control, Volume 152, 104402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2020.104402

    Moreno-Delafuente A, Fereres A, Viñuela E & Medina P. 2021. Elevated carbon dioxide reduces Aphis gossypii intrinsic increase rates without affecting Aphidius colemani parasitism rate. Biological Control 163:104741.

    Moreno-Delafuente A, Viñuela E, Fereres A, Medina P & Trębicki P. 2021. Combined effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on multitrophic interactions involving a parasitoid of plant virus vectors. BioControl (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-020-10069-0

    Moreno-Delafuente, A., Morales, I., Garzo, E, Fereres, A., Viñuela, E., Medina, P. 2021. Changes in melon plant phytochemistry impair Aphis gossypii growth and weight under elevated CO2. Scientific Reports 11, 2186. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81167-x

    Moreno, A, Miranda, M., A. Fereres. 2021. Psyllids as major vectors of plant pathogens. Entomologia Generalis, Vol. 41 (2021), Issue 5, 419–438

    Morente, M., Cornara, D., Moreno, A., & Fereres, A. 2021. Parapause breakage as a key step for the continuous indoor rearing of Philaenus spumarius. Journal of Applied Entomology, 00, 1– 6. https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.12931

    Ripamonti, M., F. Maron, D. Cornara, C. Marzachì, A. Fereres and D. Bosco (2021). Scaphoideus titanus Ball feeding behaviour on three grapevine cultivars with different susceptibilities to Flavescence dorée bioRxiv; 2021. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.11.25.470030.

    Sadras V, Vázquez C, Garzo E, Moreno A, Medina S, Taylor J & Fereres A. 2021. The role of plant labile carbohydrates and nitrogen on wheat-aphid relations. Scientific Reports 11: 12529.


    2022

    Benhadi-Marín, J., Fereres, A. & Pereira, J.A. 2022. Potential areas of spread of Trioza erytreae over mainland Portugal and Spain. Journal of Pest Science 95, 67–78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-021-01440-w

    Deshoux M, Monsion B, Pichon E, Jiménez J, Moreno A, Cayrol B, Thébaud G, Mugford ST, Hogenhout SA, Blanc S, Fereres A, Uzest M. 2022. Role of acrostyle cuticular proteins in the retention of an aphid salivary effector. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 5 (23):15337. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315337.

    Giménez-Romero A, Galván J, Montesinos M, Bauzà J, Godefroid M, Fereres A, Ramasco JJ, Matías MA & Moralejo E (2022) Global predictions for the risk of establishment of Pierce’s disease of grapevines. Communications Biology 5: 1389. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-022-04358-w.

    Godefroid M, Morente M, Schartel T, Cornara D, Purcell A, Gallego D, Moreno A, Pereira JA & Fereres A. 2022. Climate tolerances of Philaenus spumarius should be considered in risk assessment of disease outbreaks related to Xylella fastidiosa. Journal of Pest Science 95: 855-868. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-021-01413-z.

    Lago, C., Cornara, D., Minutillo, S.A., Moreno, A. and Fereres, A. (2022). Feeding behaviour and mortality of Philaenus spumarius exposed to insecticides and their impact on Xylella fastidiosa transmission. Pest Management Science. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.7105

    Markheiser, A., Santoiemma, G., Fereres, A., Kugler, S., Maixner, M., & Cornara, D. (2022). DC-EPG assisted comparison of European spittlebugs and sharpshooters feeding behaviour on grapevine. Journal of Applied Entomology, 00, 1– 13. https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13098

    Mezei I, Valverde-Garcia P, Siebert MW, Gomez LE, Torne M, Watson GB, Raquel AM, Fereres A & Sparks TC (2022). Impact of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor mutation R81T on the response of European Myzus persicae populations to imidacloprid and sulfoxaflor in laboratory and in the field. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 187: 105187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105187.

    Morente, M., Ramírez, M., Lago, C., Heras-Bravo, D.d.l., Benito, A., Moreno, A. and Fereres, A. (2022). Habitat manipulation for sustainable management of Philaenus spumarius, the main vector of Xylella fastidiosa in Europe. Pest Management Science. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.7036

    Oliveira, D.F., Benhadi-Marín, J., Neto, J., Sanz, L., Garzo, E., Aguiar, A., Fereres, A. and Pereira, J.A. (2022), Kaolin particle films disrupt landing, settling behavior, and feeding of Trioza erytrae on lemon plants. Pest Management Science. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.7095

    Reynaud B, Turpin P, Molinari FM, Grondin M, Roque S, Chiroleu F, Fereres A & Delatte H (2022) The African citrus psyllid Trioza erytreae: An efficient vector of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus. Frontiers in Plant Science 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1089762

    Ripamonti, M., F. Maron, D. Cornara, C. Marzachì, A. Fereres and D. Bosco (2022). Scaphoideus titanus Ball feeding behaviour on three grapevine cultivars with different susceptibilities to Flavescence dorée. Journal of Insect Physiology. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.11.25.470030

    Rodrigues I, Ramos V, Benhadi-Marín J, Moreno A, Fereres A, Pereira JA & Baptista P (2022) A novel molecular diagnostic method for the gut content analysis of Philaenus DNA. Scientific Reports 12: 492. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-04422-1.


    2023

    Avosani S, Nieri R, Mazzoni V, Anfora G, Hamouche Z, Zippari C, Vitale ML, Verrastro V, Tarasco E, D’Isita I, Germinara S, Döring TF, Belusic G, Fereres A, Thompson V & Cornara D. 2023. Intruding into a conversation: how behavioral manipulation could support management of Xylella fastidiosa and its insect vectors. Journal of Pest Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-023-01631-7

    Garzo, E., Sánchez-López, C. M., Fereres, A., Soler, C., Marcilla, A., & Pérez-Bermúdez, P. 2023. Isolation of extracellular vesicles from phloem sap by size exclusion chromatography. Current Protocols, 3, e903. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpz1.903

    Giordano, A., Ferriol, I., López-Moya, J. J., & Martín-Hernández, A. M. (2023). cmv1-Mediated Resistance to CMV in Melon Can Be Overcome by Mixed Infections with Potyviruses. Viruses, 15(9), 1792. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15091792

    Lago, C. Gimenez-Romero, A., Morente, M., Matias, M. Moreno, A. Fereres, A. 2023. Degree-day-based model to predict egg hatching of Philaenus spumarius (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae), the main vector of Xylella fastidiosa in Europe. Environmental Entomology https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvad013

    Jeger, M. J. Alberto Fereres, Carolyn E. Malmstrom, Kerry E. Mauck, and William M. Wintermantel, 2023. Epidemiology and Management of Plant Viruses Under a Changing Climate. Phytopathology 113 (9): 1620-1621. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-07-23-0262-V

    Sadras, V. Guirao, M., Moreno, A., A. Fereres 2023. Inter-virus relationships in mixed infections and virus-drought relationships in plants: a quantitative review. The Plant Journal. https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.16516

    Yousef-Yousef M, Morente M, González-Mas N, Fereres A, Quesada-Moraga E & Moreno A. 2023. Direct and indirect effects of two endophytic entomopathogenic fungi on survival and feeding behaviour of meadow spittlebug Philaenus spumarius. Biological Control: 105348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2023.105348.


    2024

    Clemente-Orta, Gemma, Ángel Cabello, Elisa Garzo, Aranzazu Moreno, and Alberto Fereres. 2024. Aphidius colemani behavior changes depending on volatile organic compounds emitted by plants infected with viruses with different modes of transmission Insects 15, no. 2: 92. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects15020092

    Cornara D, Zaffaroni-Caorsi V, Hamouche Z, Avosani S, Cavallo G, Verrastro V, Lago C, Trani A, De Stradis A, Almeida RPP & Fereres A. 2024. Host finding and probing behavior by Philaenus spumarius on olive varieties with a different degree of susceptibility to Xylella fastidiosa. Journal of Pest Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-024-01743-8.

    Cornara, D. Bojanini, Fereres, A., A. Almeida. 2024. Definitive elucidation of the inoculation mechanism of Xylella fastidiosa by sharpshooter leafhoppers. Entomologia Generalis, Vol. 44(1): 121-131.

    Garzo, E., Álvarez, A.J., Moreno, A., Walker, G.P., Tjallingii, W.F., A. Fereres. 2024. Novel program for automatic calculation of EPG variables, Journal of Insect Science, Volume 24, Issue 3, May 2024, 28, https://doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/ieae063

    González José Efraín; Vaniert Ventura Chávez; Alberto Fereres; Orelvis Portal. 2024. Effect of plantain barrier plants on potyvirus‑associated diseases in yam cultivation. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-024-00948-4

    Jiménez J, Sadras VO, Espaillat N, Moreno A & Fereres A (2024). Interplay between drought and plant viruses co-infecting melon plants. Scientific Reports 14: 15833. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-66344-y

    Lago, C., A. Fereres, A. Moreno and P. Trębicki. 2024. Assessing the Impact of Turnip Yellows Virus Infection and Drought on Canola Performance: Implications under a Climate Change Scenario. Frontiers in Agronomy 6 (2024). https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/agronomy/articles/10.3389/fagro.2024.1419002

    Martín F, Garzo E, Guirao P, Pascual-Villalobos MJ, Fereres A & Moreno A (2024) Persistence of nanoemulsions of bioactive volatiles and their impact on aphid feeding behaviour. Journal of Pest Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-024-01746-5

    Neugart, Susanne ; Steininger, Viktoria; Fernandes, Catarina; Martínez-Abaigar, Javier; Nunez-Olivera, Encarnacion; Schreiner, Monika; Strid, Åke; Viczián, András; Albert, Andreas; Badenes-Pérez, Francisco Rubén; Castagna, Antonella; Dáder, Beatriz; Fereres, Alberto; Gaberščik, Alenka; Gulyás, Ágnes; Gwynn-Jones, Dylan; Nagy, Ferenc; Jones, Alan G.; Julkunen-Tiitto, Riitta; Konstantinova, Nataliia; Lakkala, Kaisa; Llorens, Laura; Martínez-Lüscher, Johann; Nybakken, Line; Olsen, Jorunn Elisabeth; Pascual, Inmaculada; Ranieri, Annamaria; Regier, Nicole; Robson, Thomas Matthew; Rosenqvist, Eva; Santin, Marco; Turunen, Minna; Vandenbussche, Filip; Verdaguer, Dolors; Winkler, Jana Barbro; Witzel, Katja; Grifoni, Daniele; Zipoli, Gaetano; Hideg, Éva; Jansen, Marcel A.K.; Hauser, Marie Theres. 2024. A synchronised, large scale field experiment using Arabidopsis thaliana reveals the significance of the UV-B photoreceptor UVR8 under natural conditions. Plant, Cell and Environment Jun 16. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.15008

    Pérez-Otero, R.; Pérez-Turco, R.; Neto, J.; Fereres, A. 2024. The African Psyllid Trioza erytreae Del Guercio (1918) Is Very Sensitive to Low Relative Humidity and HighTemperatures. Insects, 15, 62. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects15010062

    Sánchez-López CM, Soler C, Garzo E, Fereres A, Pérez-Bermúdez P, Marcilla A. 2024. Phloem sap from melon plants contains extracellular vesicles that carry active proteasomes which increase in response to aphid infestation. Journal Extracellular Vesicles. 13(10):e12517. https://doi.org/10.1002/jev2.12517

    Walker, G., Fereres, A., Tjallingii, W.F. 2024. Guidelines for Conducting, Analyzing and Interpreting Electrical Penetration Graph (EPG) Experiments on Herbivorous Piercing-Sucking Insects. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. 2024;00:1–17. https://doi.org/10.1111/eea.13434

  •     Awards


    Alberto Fereres is among the 2% of the most influential scientists worldwide according to a bibliometric study carried out by Stanford University (California, USA) in 2021 based on the number of citations according to Scopus and other indicators of scientific production (Baas, Jeroen; Boyack, Kevin; Ioannidis, John P.A. (2021), “August 2021 data-update for "Updated science-wide author databases of standardized citation indicators"”, Mendeley Data, V3, doi: 10.17632/btchxktzyw.3). Only 3 other entomologists in all of Spain appear in this Ranking.

    Alberto Fereres received the John V. Osmun Alumni Professional Achievement Award in Entomology 2017, being the only foreigner to have received this award since its creation in 1988. Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA. https://ag.purdue.edu/entm/Pages/osmun-fereres-2017.aspx

    EFSA Award for the best Poster presented at the 3rd European Conference on Xylella fastidiosa and XF-ACTORS final meeting (2021) for the work: "Impact of insecticides in the feeding behaviour of Philaenus spumarius associated with the transmission of Xylella fastidiosa (Lago C., Cornara D., Minutillo S. A., Moreno A., Fereres, A.).

    Second prize for the best oral communication at the XI Congress of the Spanish Society of Applied Entomology (2019) with the communication "Flight behaviour of Philaenus spumarius (Linnaeus 1758) (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae), the main vector of Xylella fastidiosa in Europe" (Lago, C., Garzo, E., Moreno, A., Morente, M., Godefroid, M., Marti-Campoy, A., Rodriguez-Ballester, F., Fereres, A.)

    Best article award granted by the Plants-MDPI journal in 2022: Garzo, E., Moreno, A., Plaza, M. and Fereres A. 2020. Feeding behaviour and virus transmission ability of insect vectors exposed to systemic insecticides 9 (/), 895. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9070895

    Best technical article award entitled: "Morente, M., Ramírez, M., De las Heras-Bravo, Benito, A., Moreno, A., Fereres. A. 2021. Sensitivity of species used in plant covers to the Xylella fastidiosa vector, Philaenus spumarius: a new strategy to reduce its populations. Phytoma España 326: 36-40. " awarded by Fira de Lleida within the framework of the Sant Miquel Fair and the Eurofruit exhibition. Lleida, 2021.

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